Breast cancer
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumour affecting women. Almost a third of all cancer patients have breast cancer. The risk of developing it increases after menopause, but younger patients can also be affected. Every fifth breast cancer patient is younger than 50 years old. A palpable lump or skin retractions on the breast are signs of a tumour. However, such symptoms can also occur with harmless diseases. Get yourself checked by your gynaecologist.
What are the causes of breast cancer?
The exact causes of breast cancer are unknown, but there are certain risk factors. These are age, breast cancer in close relatives and certain genetic changes that can be detected. Obesity, childlessness or long hormone therapy during menopause are also unfavourable markers. With an early first menstruation and late-onset menopause, the risk of a tumour is higher. If breast cancer occurs on one side, the other side is also at greater risk.
What are the symptoms of breast cancer?
Breast cancer does not have any symptoms to begin with. The growth of cancer cells can be detected in a mammography at the earliest. However, every woman should watch for certain warning signs, such as lumps or hardening in the breast or armpit area. The skin may become puckered or reddened, and secretion may come from the nipple. It is best to examine your breasts every month one week after the start of your menstrual period. An annual check-up by a gynaecologist is also recommended.
How is breast cancer treated?
A tissue sample (biopsy) is taken at the start of treatment. This is how the exact cancer type is identified. The oncology specialists will jointly discuss the ideal therapy plan for each patient. In most cases, the tumour will first be removed with an operation, after which radiation therapy is often necessary. Medications such as chemotherapy, hormone therapy or antibody therapy are also used. Patients are supervised in aftercare, side effects are treated and the patient is monitored for a possible return of the breast cancer.